Brown/dark blood in urine

The day of the surgery in the hospital with the Foley catheter there was obviously some blood in the urine.  Not a lot but some, red, some clotting.  There was a little sometimes with the catheter and a little after it was removed, but nothing significant.

Then, last night after 17 days, around 11pm, the urine turned dark brown.  Almost like a Pepsi/Coke/tea urine color and it continued through the night.  I called the urologist first thing in the morning – I had no fever, no pain, was going successfully and it was not bright red, so did not call during the night.  The nurse said that it was most likely “old blood” meaning blood from the trauma of surgery that, like the external wounds, was shedding the clots and almost like the internal “scabs” (only by way of analogy).  She said if I got a fever, it became uncontrolled, painful, or red, to call back today (Friday, of course) or the Mayo main number and talk to the on-call urologist if it happened over the weekend.

They advised:

1. Drink a lot – I had been drinking a lot of water, but am drinking more to “flush” it.

2. Call them if there were changes as above.

3. There may be visible clots passing too. [Update: They were right it seems!]

4. If it hasn’t resolved by Monday, they’d want me to come in and get it checked.

5. That blood may continue 4-8 weeks after surgery even.

I had known that blood was a possibility, but the possibility of the dark color of it wasn’t clear to me.  Given the explanation above, I am taking it as a positive that internal healing is progressing just as external.  Externally, one of the scars just looks like a small scratch already.  The largest one is not as good (I think that is where they pulled it out so it had to be bigger), but scars were at the bottom of my list of priorities – perfect pathology being number 1, followed by continence, followed by E.D. not being an issue, followed by scars.

On a better note, while ED and incontinence are possibilities after radical prostatectomy, in this case, both have been resolving pretty quickly – it helps being early 40s vs 80s as they said.  It isn’t 100% yet, but even less than 2 weeks after surgery they were doing okay and usually seeing improvements.  Hopefully no steps backwards on either.

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General Thoughts on Prostate Cancer

You start out just going in for a physical.  If you are a man over 30-35, you may ask for a PSA (prostate specific antigen) test.  The Doctor may say it isn’t needed if you are under 50 (or 40).  Most Urologists will run it without question, many GPs will question it.  You say it will not hurt as long as they are taking blood anyway to run the test.  So, they do it anyway.  At worst the PSA test is good to have a baseline.  DREs (digital rectal exams) are okay, but not enough because by the time there is something to feel, it is often more advanced.  The PSA is a good idea.

Then you get a slightly elevated PSA number.  All the assurances are that it is “unlikely to be prostate cancer” since there are a lot of other causes: benign prostate enlargement, inflammation, infect, age, race, or riding a bike a lot among others.

So the Doctors begin to eliminate possibilities usually with an antibiotic – 2 to 4 weeks of ciprofloxacin (500 MG) twice a day in my case to try to knock out an infection.  No bike riding – treadmill, elliptical, weights etc are fine. I used my stationary bike a lot before that.  After two (or four) weeks, you have essentially the same PSA level, so in all likelihood (depending on your age and health) they’ll want to do a biopsy.  Again, the thoughts are that “in all likelihood” it will be BPH (benign prostatic hyperplasia) or something else.  Then you get a call the following day and they want you back the next day (or even the same day) because it was not benign.

If they do call you and say it is not benign, take notes.  Your head may very well be spinning, I know mine was.  Write down what they say about the Gleason score, number of cores that were positive, percentages positive etc.  They’ll go over it again when you get there, but at least you’ll have had some time to think about it and read a bit.  The Prostate Cancer Foundation link below has a lot of information.

Each step seems like the “in all likelihood it isn’t cancer” is the one that should occur, but you keep getting the bad fork in the road.  So after a while, you are conditioned to be worried that the “in all likelihood” part just keeps turning out wrong.  The anxiety while going through each step is a bad part.

Thankfully, if you catch it early enough, and Doctors usually do, prostate cancer is highly curable.  That is right, if you catch it, they can remove it with a high degree of success.  They are talking in the 97-99% range.  Compared to many cancers, that is for all practical purposes a cure.  You can beat it, just be as aggressive as you can be in treating it.  Talk to people you know or online, or comment here even.  You don’t have to go through it alone.  There are no guarantees, but the statistics are good if treated and caught early enough.  The diagnosis is traumatic, shocking, and terrifying. But there is hope, so don’t give up.

I saw a study that said that nearly 100% of men who die of some other cause (and are over 60, for example) and have an autopsy have some signs of prostate cancer.  So what can you do?  Go to the prostate cancer foundation and make a donation.  Take part in Movember which is an awareness campaign in November for prostate cancer and other men’s health issues – they also do some fundraising for LiveStrong and the Prostate Cancer Foundation.  But the awareness part of Movember is free.

Every little bit helps: take part in Movember, donate blood to help others, donate money if you can.

Posted in Prostate cancer support, Radical Prostatectomy | 1 Comment

Prostate Cancer surgery – pathology and catheter

This appointment was 8 days after surgery, usually at Mayo for this type of surgery they usually see you seven days after surgery, but the surgeon had surgeries scheduled all Monday so I had it 8 days afterward – really it was only 7.5 days since I was done at nearly 7pm the prior Monday and was in first thing in the morning on Tuesday.  There were two parts to the appointment, the pathology and the catheter.  I was most concerned about the pathology, but they started with the catheter.

Eight days after surgery I was tired sometimes, but was pretty used to the catheter.  Some minor pressure discomfort, but nothing terrible. Even the day after surgery the pain wasn’t bad and each day it improved, usually only using one pain pill before bed to help me sleep and to ignore the catheter.  The Foley catheter was no fun and somewhat limiting, but served its purpose.  The only two tricks were (1) remembering not to roll over the wrong way at night if you don’t have a lot of slack, and (2) connecting the tube to your leg so there is no chance it will pull.  Both of those will give you a jolt, but with the balloon it is nearly impossible to accidentally lose it.

At the appointment, the wonderful lady at Mayo did two x-rays with an empty bladder.  They then proceeded to fill the bladder with a type of x-ray contrast until it was quite uncomfortable.  While full, they took several x-rays in different positions.  Then they drained it and after several minutes of draining, they took several more x-rays.  The purpose was to ensure there was no leakage.  After the surgeon reviewed the x-rays (and it was obvious on the screen to me and the wonderful Lisa who was doing it) they removed the catheter (after draining the balloon) – that took only a few seconds.  No pain, just an extremely odd sensation – very hard to describe.  They then have you do the Kegel exercises in order to maintain (or improve) continence to ensure that you know which is the correct muscle group to use.  These are important to do as the Doctor recommends.

The second part of the appointment was the most important – the pathology.  Obviously, it was back from the surgery and after seeing 5 of ten of the needle biopsies being positive back when the biopsies were done, I was worried about the invasiveness and the margins.  However, it turned out though that the surgeon had just been extremely accurate (perhaps lucky, but probably skill :-)  ) with the needle biopsies.  The pathology report after surgery showed a 5-10% involvement so they had just happened to hit it with 5 of the 10 needle shots.  They even lowered the Gleason score from a 6-7 to a just plain 6 from looking at the entire thing after surgery.  So if you see a needle biopsy that shows a lot of hits, don’t automatically worry that your margins will be bad.

So, good news there.  Also all margins were well clear, and no invasion shown elsewhere (e.g. seminal, perineural, lymph-vasculr).  All-in-all good news all around and no more catheter.

And one more loose end, I’d mentioned previously that I had an extra incision in my abdomen and I remembered to ask why.  Well, it turned out they had done one incision and then been not able to use it due to the previous surgery for a hernia.  So, they had to go in a different spot which resulted in an extra spot.

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Radical Da Vinci prostatectomy, day after

After my 5am vital sign wake-up, I fell back asleep until around 6:45am when a friend got there.  The Doctor showed up around 8am and said things had looked good (fingers crossed there!) and that he would see me in a week to follow-up, get the catheter out (hopefully, they’ll do an x-ray to check how things have healed).

After looking at my abdomen, I saw 8 holes – one drain hole, 6 for Da Vinci and I’m not really sure what the other one was.  I hope to ask him in a week exactly what each was for if I think of it.

He said I was cleared to eat regular food, so I got pancakes, sausage, and orange juice.  Normally I eat much healthier but it had been nearly 48 hours since I’d had food by then and I was quite hungry.  So, ate breakfast and just a bit later they gave me 2 lortabs and about thirty minutes after that they said it was time to sit for an hour and then go for a walk.

After sitting, wasn’t too bad, I got the “podium walker” and walked around the whole floor.  They gave me a second gown so I didn’t moon anyone.  I think the podium walker was a good idea although at the time I asked if I really needed it.  Then I got back in bed for a bit.

Mid-afternoon, I got up again and walked around the room and stood in the room for about 30 minutes, then they had me do another lap around the floor.  I could’ve done it without the walker this time, but was still a little unsteady so we decided not to chance it.

By dinner time, I was a little hungry and had some fish and veggies.  Pretty good.  Finally at about 6:45pm, they said, “We can discharge you shortly if you wish.”  Now all afternoon the nurses had thought it was a “no way today” situation since I hadn’t gotten done with surgery and back to the room until after 7pm.  But the Doctor said it was okay.  Knowing the speed of things, I asked if I “could we wait until morning?” and they said fine.  It was not an issue since it was so late and I could get out “first thing.”

Given that it was 7pm, I had no pain meds (so had to get them filled) and didn’t want to chance the pharmacy not having it at 8:30pm or 9pm when I got out of there, the nurse and I thought it was fine and the Doctor agreed.  The other concern was only having swapped the catheter from the leg bag to the night bag once.  I wanted another shot or two for experience with supervision because I knew I’d be doing it on my own a fair amount.

So, I got another lortab a bit later and fell asleep.  I woke at midnight having knocked the IV port out of the back of my left hand and so blood was dripping everywhere.  The nurse came in, took it out, cleaned it up and we heard another “Code Blue” on floor 4.  There was a tapping/hammering from somewhere in the hospital, probably above us, and I was going to call the nurse thinking perhaps someone was calling for help, but before I did I heard them talking about it and were sending someone up to figure out what was going on.  I was in room 555, which was right across from the main nurses station.  It was kind of nice to be able to hear human voices talking right there.

I fell asleep pretty quickly after that and woke up at 5am for the vitals check.

All in all, the day after surgery was not as bad as I feared.  It was relatively easy, the hospital staff were great and I was kept occupied or was sleeping.

The anxiety from the day after the 10 needle biopsies until the surgery was terrible, waiting and waiting.  The only thing close is waiting to get pathology to confirm what the surgeons and other experts are saying.

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Radical Da Vinci prostatectomy, preparation and procedure Feb 28

Well, today was the day of the prostatectomy I arrived at Mayo about 10:15am, checked in very quickly and then had to wait.  I ended up waiting until about 11:30am, then they took me back where I started getting prepared.

What is involved in being prepared for the Da Vinci robot surgery?  Well, quite a lot:

1. They’ll have you leave any valuables with your family and friends.  I left them at home, figured I wouldn’t need them.  Then you’ll have to change into a fashionable gown.  I asked the nurse to explain what was going on with each step because at least for me, it was comforting to hear what was happening.  And they did it most of the time I was awake.

2. They have a fair amount of hair shaving to do even if you don’t have a lot of hair, roughly mid-chest to mid-thigh.  This is to help prevent infection, and if for some reason they can’t complete it with the Da Vinci Robot they want you prepared for the alternative.  Fortunately they were successful with Da Vinci, but it was good to know how it is planned ahead.

3. Meet with the Drs – anesthesiologist first, then met with the surgeon.  He kind of threw me for a loop because after having hernia surgery about a year ago they had put mesh in and he was worried it might interfere.  Fortunately the only part it interfered with was lymph nodes, but he said they “looked okay” when we spoke that day.

4. At this point they will give you something to relax which was very much appreciated.  I could feel it in my arm where the IV was almost immediately, kind of tingling, and it helped very quickly.  They also gave me something a little later to speed up my heart just a little to avoid bradycardia (essentially too slow a heart beat during surgery which if something that does happen sometimes, but usually is easily restored).

5. Then I waited a bit more, then they wheeled me into the OR where the Da Vinci robot was.  I don’t think I was supposed to be awake, but was and it was quite impressive.  The robot was only a few months old, they’d done an upgrade so I kept asking questions until I fell asleep.

The next thing I new, it was about 7:05pm and I was being wheeled out of recovery and up to the hospital room.  There were about 15 family and friends waiting which was a bit overwhelming, but the nurse asked them to stay for only a few minutes.  I was amazingly lucid at points – noticing that 2 people had changed clothes, that others were there etc.  I felt pretty good, but I know that was the pain medicine talking.

They eventually left, and I had a great nurse and assistant.  All I could have was ice cubes and had a fair amount of them, but was still thirsty.

They obviously kept checking on me, and by about midnight when they were checking vitals again, it was definitely time for another pain shot in the IV, so I got that and I think they gave me a lortab or two also, although that is somewhat hazy.

I was a bit worried about the catheter and I do know that I really wanted to sit up so I convinced the nurse that it would be okay because under no circumstances would I stand up.  So, I sat on the edge of the bed and they swapped out my gown – it had a bit of blood on it from the drain hole etc.  And watched the Foley catheter work.  But ONLY for 1 minute.

Got horizontal again, got the iPhone from the bedside table and attempted to look at email and the news headlines.  My typing was terrible – I looked at the history the next day it was a mess.  I couldn’t read the screen very well and couldn’t hit the buttons.  It would’ve been entertaining to record that and play it back.  I did try to look up how “Foley Catheters” work and couldn’t even type that correctly.  Thankfully I didn’t text, email or do anything, although it entertained me for a minute or two before I got too tired.  So I fell asleep, and then woke up around 5 for vitals and got some more pain meds. I think this was the last IV pain meds I got.

I did wake up 3 other times when they did announce a “Code Blue” – twice on the 4th floor and once on the 3rd.  I asked the nurse at 5am what they were and she said she didn’t know specifics, just that they were extremely serious.  I presume the 4th floor was a cardiac floor maybe.

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Da Vinci Surgery, the day before surgery – preparation.

Tomorrow is the big surgery.  Starting at noon, I could have nothing but clear liquids until midnight.  Water, ginger ale, jello and the like.  All I had was one water and one jello, just didn’t have a good appetite.  It could have been related to the other things they had me do:

1. Flagyl, 2 x 500 mg and 2 x of Neomycin at 2pm.

2. A bottle of potassium citrate (10-12 ozs) at 4pm.

3. A fleet enema at 6pm.

4. Another double dose of the two antibiotics at 11pm.

I drank a lot of water during this period because it was supposed to help.  And it did.

I actually slept from about 11pm until 4am when I woke up with a case of the nerves [and added this].

So I just hung out until my friend came to pick me up.

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Radical Da Vinci prostatectomy, the week before

This is a two day combination update.  There were a few other things later in the week which I’ll add below unless relevant elsewhere.

At Mayo and presumably most other hospitals they do a huge number of tests.  Exactly one week before, it was fasting blood work, x-rays (to check for pneumonia etc), ECG/EKG etc.  I also met with my regular Doctor who spent 30-45 minutes going over everything, making note of things for the surgeon and anesthesiologist.  (I had had some bradycardia with previous hernia surgery which means a slow resting heart rate that got slower during surgery, so they wanted to make sure the notes were there for the anesthesiologist to see which she did.  I did remind her too which I had been told to do).

They also had a meeting with another member of the oncology team for about an hour just to discuss relaxation breathing techniques – they work.  No Ambien has been needed by me since I spoke with him on Feb 22, 2011.

There was also paperwork check-in this week.  It took only a few minutes one day, and then I dropped off my “Designation of Health Care Surrogate” and documents like that later in the week.  They are pretty straight-forward, they let someone else make health decisions for you if you can’t.  Obviously, you want someone you trust not to “pull the plug” too soon, or make you spend 50 years in a coma.  For “routine” as Mayo kept calling this surgery, they are 1 in a million to come into play, but I figured it was better to be prepared.

After being cleared, it was just a matter of a few days until Sunday with the beginning preparation.

By the way, I found it interesting that they said that after the needle biopsies my PSA would be huge – from 3.37 it would’ve been in the 80s or 100s or higher.

They did re-check the PSA about 3 weeks after the needle biopsies during all that blood work (and they’d done 3 DREs too – each Doctor verifying) and it was still elevated, but only in the 6-8 range.  They had thought it would still be much higher, but they thought that the low reading indicated that the inflammation from the needle biopsies had gone down a lot which is important in terms of “success” of the procedure.

[Update: Luckily the Health Care Surrogate did not come into play as you will see.]

 

Posted in Prostate Cancer surgery preparation, Radical Prostatectomy | 1 Comment

Radical Da Vinci prostatectomy, bone scans, CT and more

After the needle biopsies Mayo then added to the testing.  Bone scans, CT scans, x-rays, blood work and more.  Mostly to verify no (visible) metastasis.  Yes, I spent Valentine’s Day and the next 2 days doing some of that.  Mayo is incredibly efficient and every time I go am impressed.

Thankfully everything tested – bone scans, CTs, including other various cancer markers – AFP, CEA, CA 19-9 came up clean.

Talking to my regular Doctor (who is also at Mayo) and a friend who is a radiation oncologist led me to believe that the most aggressive treatment is the radical prostatectomy.  I even sat through an all-day meeting for radiation oncologists and researches dealing with it – coincidentally it was near here.  Very interesting, very informative (a few areas where I wasn’t familiar with the biology, but interesting).  But it didn’t change the decision although it did make me ask some more questions.  The Urologist/Surgeon at Mayo said he was happy to send me over the the Radiation Oncology team at Mayo right away if needed, but I wanted to be most aggressive.

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PSA Testing at 40, the FDA, and the National Cancer Institute

The current FDA guidelines recommend using the PSA for “men age 50 and older.”  You hear politicians and others who want to control you say things like “how much can we spend on health care?”  That is the question of power-hungry bureaucrats.  The correct question, is whether or not information is good even if it isn’t perfect, should the patient get the test.  In order words, is it better to know you have an elevated PSA even if the cause could be something else than to not know it?  If I want to get a PSA test, no one should be saying I can not.  Or any other test that the Doctor believes relevant.

Like the insanity in 2009 when the Administration stated “most women don’t need mammograms in their 40s” and a doctors group said “most women in their 20s don’t need annual Pap tests,” the American Cancer Society has not recommended routine screening for most men since the 1980s and the 2010 article linked to above says that is not changing.  The American Cancer Society states: “At this time, the American Cancer Society (ACS) recommends that men thinking about prostate cancer screening should make informed decisions based on available information, discussion with their doctor, and their own views on the benefits and side effects of screening and treatment (see below).”  This is the ostrich approach – stick your head in the sand and wish a problem away.

Luckily my Doctor ignored even the current guidelines from the FDA and the American Cancer Society.  Beginning at the end of 2009, the American Urological Association (AUA) began recommending screening beginning at 40, and at my next physical it got checked.

It is not the business of panels in Washington to decide what treatment or tests you get.  Thankfully – so far – the panels only give recommendations. When the “recommendations” turn into “requirements” that is when there will be real problems.  When the “requirements” have the force of law behind them and there is no longer freedom of choice, these will be the so-called “death panels” which will be making life and death decisions for you.  Only you and your Doctor should decide this, and faceless people in Washington should not be doing so based on money.  Just remember, an elevated PSA does not necessarily mean cancer, but it does justify talking to your doctor about it.  And it should be your choice to get a test or not.  It is as simple as freedom.

—–

Update: Another test you should consider or ask your Doctor about is the PCA3 urine test.  They should know about the PCA3 test.

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Prostate cancer – stress and sleeping, part 2 (Lexapro and Ambien)

After being successful with Xanax and Ambien, the Doctor decided to do something different and keep the Ambien but replace the Xanax with Lexapro.  So yesterday (Monday) I got the 10mg Lexapro.  Xanax is apparently good short-term, but not something they want you to rely on.  Given the stresses of any cancer diagnosis and treatment, some longer term solution can be helpful.

As far as the Lexapro, so far, not so good, yes it is 3:21am when I’m writing this.  I’ve had some time now to do some research and it turns out that Lexapro (a SSRI) can take up to 6-8 weeks to work. It can help in 2 weeks, and sometimes even just a few days are enough.  But they say for maximum effect, it may be 6 to 8 weeks.  It definitely has not helped enough in 18 hours, which is no surprise after reading the inserts that came with the drug and internet sites on SSRIs in general and Lexapro in particular.

I’m hoping that the Lexapro will begin to work in the “few days” because in the next 12 days before surgery, it would be nice to be able to sleep.

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